As one of the most popular styles of hanfu, Ming Dynasty Aoqun has a rich variety of styles and styles, and the Jiaoling Aoqun is one of the most common styles. This article is based on the artifacts of Jiaoling Aoqun, so that you can quickly understand the correct Ming Dynasty Aoqun top shape for your next hanfu purchase as well as hanfu making. Image quoted from hanfu making hobbyist @Sue簌簌.   1 Overall 1.1 Youren (右衽, the left lapel covers the right lapel). 1.2 A single layer is a Shan (衫) and a double layer is a Ao (袄). 1.3 Cutting method: with center seam and no shoulder seam.   2 Collar   3 Sleeves 3.1 Aoqun top can have a variety of sleeve shapes. 3.2 Pipa sleeves are wide, not narrow. 3.3 The benchmark through-arm length of Pipa sleeves is nearly two meters. 3.4 The sleeve root should not be too narrow. 3.5 The sleeve is divided into a section or two sections connected. 3.6 Sleeve pleats often accompany the existence of the sleeve edge.   4 Garment body 4.1 The underarms should be curved. 4.2 It is right with or without shoulder pleats. 4.3 The waist should…

This section contains Pan collar Aoqun (盘领袄裙), which can be divided into: Pan collar Da Ao (盘扣大袄), Pan collar Duan Ao (盘扣短袄). Size range: 155/80A to 175/96A. Please read the introduction of the topic and how to use this guide in advance.   Introduction The round collar tunic was not originally a Han dress, but a new type of dress introduced in northern China during the Sixteen Kingdoms period (when the southern part was under the Eastern Jin Dynasty), and became completely popular in ancient China after the Sui and Tang dynasties. However, this costume has evolved over time and has become completely Han Chinese, and as such has become an important and indispensable style in the Han clothing system. The Ming system Pan collar is a kind of round collar, evolved from the Sui and Tang round collar, generally straight cloth is first folded in half, then ironed into shape, along the inner circle with thread sewn tightly, so that the collar edge curved into a round shape, and the end of the collar edge nailed with buttons for fixed. The Pan collar Da Ao (盘扣大袄) can be used as a woman's formal dress, usually with Pipa sleeves or wide…

This section contains Aoqun (袄裙), which can be divided into: Duan Ao (短袄), Da Ao (大袄), Mamian Qun (马面裙). Size range: Duan Ao and Da Ao (155/80A to 175/96A),  Mamian Qun (155/80A to 175/80A). Please read the introduction of the topic and how to use this guide in advance.     Introduction In the Ming Dynasty, women's Hanfu clothing is very popular in the form of clothes cover skirt way of dress, the most common "Aoqun (袄裙)" is a Ming Dynasty women's clothing general term, that is, the upper Ao (袄, jacket) with the lower Qun (裙, skirt) with the way, and not a single piece of clothing. The "Ao" in this section refers to a cross-necked female top, and the "Qun" refers to a Mamian Qun (horse-face skirt). Early Hanfu tops were mostly called "Ru (襦)", and after the Wei and Jin Dynasties, they were also called "Ao" and "Shan (衫, shirt)". Nowadays, it is generally considered that the Aoqun is longer and covers the waist of the skirt, while the one that requires the clothes to be tucked into the waist of the skirt is the Ruqun (襦裙), but both belong to the Ruqun system. The Ming-style Aoqun…

Aoqun(袄裙), most commonly wore during the Ming Dynasty. Let’s take a look at the individual pieces and how to wear them.   The History of Aoqun The word Aoqun translates into a lined top and skirt, it is one of the earliest and most basic forms of Hanfu. This style was developed as early as The Warring States period (475 BC) as seen on these clay figurines, and it evolved throughout the dynasties. By the mid to late Ming Dynasty, it had become the most commonly-seen design for fall-winter clothing among wealthy families and the royal court. There are also many historical relics available for us to study.   Wear the Skirt of Aoqun Aoqun is outerwear, so people usually wear inner garments made of cotton or linen material underneath. During the Ming Dynasty, women usually wear Mamian skirts or pleated skirts, this one is a one-piece half-pleated skirt with the pleats only on top, and embroideries on the bottom, as well as on the belts. There are usually two types of one-piece skirts, one style you insert the belt through a hole in the middle, the other style uses an extra set of ties. This skirt doesn’t have either…

In contemporary historical dramas set in ancient China, a puzzling visual trend often leaves viewers scratching their heads: maidservants and their mistresses appear almost identically dressed, differentiated only by slightly less elaborate accessories. This blurring of costume hierarchies challenges audience perception and raises questions about historical authenticity. What were the actual sartorial rules for servants in imperial households? How did clothing and hairstyles clearly demarcate social standing? Moving beyond modern screen interpretations, historical artifacts and paintings reveal a defined and practical aesthetic for maidservants, one that balanced functionality with visible subordination. Understanding these codes not only enriches our view of the past but also offers a lens to critique current cinematic practices. Attire and Status Servants' clothing across dynasties was fundamentally shaped by practicality and symbolism. Unlike their mistresses, who wore luxurious silks and brocades, maidservants typically donned garments made from humble Mian (棉, cotton) and Ma (麻, linen). These fabrics were affordable, durable, and suited for daily chores. After cotton's proliferation in the Ming dynasty, it became the standard material for working attire. The basic ensemble often consisted of a simple, cross-collar top worn over trousers, allowing for ease of movement during tasks like cleaning, serving, or accompanying the…

Hanfu represents the enduring attire system of the Han ethnic group, reflecting centuries of cultural practices and aesthetic values. This clothing is defined by precise elements like the right-crossing collar, broad sleeves, and hidden ties, distinguishing it from modern interpretations. It serves as a functional record of China's historical identity, blending philosophy with daily wear. Early forms such as the Shenyi (深衣) from the Pre-Qin era laid the foundation, emphasizing unity in design. The Han period featured the Quju (曲裾) for formal events, while the Tang dynasty's Qixiong Ruqun (齐胸襦裙) expressed vibrancy and freedom. Song styles like the Beizi (褙子) favored understated elegance, and Ming innovations such as the Mamian Qun (马面裙) and Liling Aozi (立领袄子) highlighted technical mastery. Each shift mirrored societal values, creating a rich visual legacy. https://youtu.be/O8j8zk_WsBo 1. The basic characteristics of Hanfu Hanfu represents the traditional dress of the Han Chinese people, with a history that stretches back millennia. Its design principles are deeply rooted in cultural practices and aesthetic ideals, offering a unique perspective on garment construction. This clothing style emphasizes fluidity and grace, moving beyond mere fashion to embody a way of life. Each element of Hanfu serves a purpose, blending form and function…

Honestly, Xi Tai (戏台) doesn't feel like a movie at first. The painted faces strutting across the stage, the exaggerated rhythm of the dialogue... it screams theater. Which makes sense, since it's adapted from a play of the same name. But as the story unfolds, it pulls you in. The jokes land thick and fast, the script is tight, and the lines have real bite. It's been a while since we've seen a comedy this sharp on the big screen. The story's set in the chaotic Republic of China era. Manager Wu (played by Yang Haoyu) of the Dexiang Theater books the famous Wuqing Opera Troupe. The whole city's buzzing to see the star, Jin Xiaotian (Yin Zheng). But then, the newly arrived warlord, Commander Hong (Jiang Wu), crashes the party. He doesn't just want to watch; he wants to change the play. So, inside the Dexiang Theater, everyone gets tangled up around the classic opera Farewell My Concubine – the warlord, the actors, the audience. Onstage and off, it's pure chaos. Warlord Rewrites the Opera Play: Obey or Die Commander Hong takes Beijing. In this unstable time, people react differently. Xu Mingli (Chen Dayu), head of the Education Department,…

On June 28, 2025, Shanghai’s Fangta Garden transformed into a portal through time. Over 110 hanfu enthusiasts gathered for Sohu Video’s "Li Yi Hua Xia" Hanfu Model Competition, their silk robes swirling amid 800-year-old pagodas and moon gates. This was no costume party—it was a deliberate revival of China’s sartorial legacy, where dynastic elegance met contemporary creative expression. Threads Through Time: The Stage is Set Fangta Garden’s Ming-era architecture provided the ultimate backdrop. Towering cypresses framed stone bridges, while the hexagonal Fangta Pagoda watched over contestants adjusting Song-dynasty beizi (褙子) jackets and Tang-style ruqun (襦裙) skirts. The garden’s moss-covered steles and lattice windows didn’t just complement the garments; they whispered stories of the artisans who once inspired them. As models prepared near the Nine-Dragon Wall, stylist Sheng Kaiyuan explained her Song tea-maid ensemble: "The linen changshan and pleated skirt mirror 12th-century practicality. This wine flask?" She lifted a celadon vessel. "A nod to Kaifeng’s tavern culture." Nearby, contestant Wei Shige tested the drape of her Tang daxiushan. "The gauze sleeves must float like poetry," she said, spinning until gold-embroidered phoenixes seemed to take flight. Weavers of Dreams: Crafting Identity Backstage, historical accuracy fused with personal narrative. Wei’s Tang outfit used…

One of the joys of wearing hanfu is discovering how effortlessly it can be adapted to different lifestyles, beliefs, and personal preferences. As a hijabi, one of my biggest considerations when choosing clothing is modesty. Thankfully, many hanfu styles already cater to this ideal with their long, flowing silhouettes, layered structures, and elegant designs. In fact, I’ve found hanfu to be one of the easiest traditional outfits to wear while staying true to both my modesty and aesthetic preferences. Although some hanfu styles are more fitted around the waist or involve shorter sleeves or lower necklines, there are many that work beautifully for hijabis without needing any extra modifications. Personally, I’m especially drawn to Ming dynasty style hanfu. These often feature a mamianqun skirt paired with either a shorter shirt (duijin shan) or a longer robe-style shirt (aoqun or dachang), both of which are generously cut and non-revealing. The fabrics drape naturally, the overall silhouette is loose, and the layering makes it feel effortlessly modest. The added bonus? Mamianqun prints are just stunning. The way the pleats open and close as you walk, revealing flashes of the pattern, creates a sense of movement and beauty that makes me feel elegant…

Yang Zi, the renowned Chinese actress, recently shared her Hanfu photos to celebrate the Lantern Festival, sparking widespread admiration online. Fans particularly praised the outfits for their everyday wearability. The Ming Dynasty-Inspired Hanfu Yang Zi showcased two distinct Aoqun (袄裙) styles, a common attire for women during the Ming Dynasty. The first was a pink cross-collar top paired with a gray pleated skirt, while the second featured a green front-closing top with subtle red accents for a contrasting effect. Both looks highlighted the elegance and versatility of Ming-era fashion. Historical Color Palettes The pink and gray combination reflects a timeless aesthetic, popular even during the Tang and Song dynasties. Notably, the Yangfei (杨妃色), a delicate pink hue derived from mineral pigments, adds a touch of historical charm. Similarly, soft greens and watery blues were favored for their understated sophistication. Modern Adaptations For a more formal occasion, Yang Zi’s standing-collar long coat with a Mamian skirt (马面裙) exemplifies Ming-era grandeur. However, the gray-toned ensemble proves that Hanfu can be adapted for daily wear with muted colors and thoughtful accessories. Styling Tips Traditional Hanfu often employs the 'clothing-over-skirt' technique, which, though less slimming than the reverse, offers a flattering fit for various…

Hanfu (汉服, traditional Chinese clothing) isn’t just a nostalgic trend—it’s a global movement. What began as a niche subculture in China has evolved into a thriving industry, with brands blending historical accuracy with modern wearability. Forget stiff costumes; today’s Hanfu ranges from silk-adorned ceremonial robes to minimalist office-friendly pieces. Here’s a breakdown of the brands driving this revival, their signature styles, and why they resonate with Gen Z shoppers from Los Angeles to Jakarta. 1. Minghuatang (明华堂) Founded in 2007, this Guangzhou-based label has become synonymous with meticulous craftsmanship and eye-watering price tags—think ¥10,000 ($1,400) for a single set, with wait times stretching up to a year. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=guu1ad17AH8 The Founder’s Obsession Hong Kong-born Zhong Yi (钟毅), a fashion design graduate from Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts, noticed something odd in the early 2000s: At formal events, Koreans wore hanbok, Japanese wore kimono, but Chinese attendees rarely wore Hanfu. He started designing his own pieces, wearing them daily to normalize the tradition. In 2007, he co-founded Minghuatang with a clear mission: to recreate historically accurate Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) attire with museum-level precision. What Justifies the Price? Minghuatang’s garments aren’t just costumes—they’re wearable history. Every stitch follows 15th-century texts and artifacts, from…

Ancient Chinese wisdom distilled clothing choices into simple truths: light robes for summer, padded jackets for winter. But look closer, and you’ll find a nuanced system—24 solar terms (节气), 72 micro-seasons (物候), and festivals each demanding specific colors and motifs. This wasn’t just practicality; it was a silent dialogue between humans and the rhythms of nature.. Chapter 1: Lunar New Year (春节) The tradition of wearing new clothes for the Lunar New Year is widespread in Chinese culture. Regardless of social class, people are expected to wear their finest attire to usher in the new year. For officials and those of higher status, formal ceremonial clothing is a must. The colors of these garments—red, blue, yellow, white, and black—offer a range of options, but certain traditions guide their use. White is typically worn for mourning, red symbolizes celebration, and yellow was reserved for emperors after the Tang Dynasty. Red, blue, and black are more common, with red standing out as a symbol of prosperity, joy, and good fortune. Throughout the New Year festivities, red decorations such as firecrackers, lanterns, and spring couplets (春联) fill the environment, creating an atmosphere of happiness and festivity. Red has become the hallmark of wealth…

Chinese actress Yang Zi (杨紫), known for her versatile roles in television dramas, has once again captured the public’s attention—this time, not for her acting, but for her impeccable fashion sense. Recently, the star shared photos of herself dressed in Hanfu, traditional Chinese clothing, to celebrate the Lantern Festival. The images, which quickly went viral, showcased Yang Zi in two stunning Ming Dynasty-inspired outfits, sparking discussions about the modern revival of Hanfu and its place in everyday fashion. A Nod to Ming Dynasty Elegance Yang Zi’s Hanfu choices are rooted in the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644), a period known for its rich cultural heritage and distinctive fashion. The two outfits she wore are variations of aoqun (袄裙), a traditional style consisting of a top (ao) and a skirt (qun). The first ensemble features a soft pink ao with a crossed collar, paired with a gray pleated skirt. The second look is a refreshing green ao with a front-opening design, layered over a subtle red undergarment, creating a harmonious yet striking color contrast. What makes Yang Zi’s outfits stand out is their accessibility. Unlike the elaborate Hanfu often seen in historical dramas, her choices are tailored for modern wear. The muted tones—pink,…

Spring, the revival of nature, brings new life and hope. As everything is renewed, hanfu enthusiasts are also looking for inspiration for the new season's outfits. Spring is the perfect time to show off the style of hanfu, with the perfect combination of light fabrics, bright colors and classical designs, displaying an irresistible charm. In this article, we'll take a look at the latest trends in hanfu for spring 2024, so let's step into a fashion world full of classical beauty and feel the perfect blend of ancient style and modern aesthetics.   Spring Dressing in Ancient China Shan (衫, shirts) and Ao (袄, jackets) are garments frequently worn in the springtime within the traditional hanfu attire. Typically crafted from lighter, more delicate materials such as brocade and silk, they suit the climatic characteristics of spring. The Banbi (半臂, half-sleeve shirt), owing to its lightweight nature, is especially popular during this season. It can serve both as an inner shirt and as an outer garment. Highlighting the interlined garments that provide warmth without causing overheating, thus becoming the favored choice in spring hanfu. These consist of a single layer underneath with a silk outer layer. Since the pre-Qin period, it…

If you watched the 2024 Henan TV Spring Festival Gala, you would definitely be impressed by Yang Mi's portrayal, as she single-handedly interpreted the classic costumes of the Tang, Song and Ming dynasties in Hanfu. The beauty of Chinese Hanfu permeates Chinese civilization, with clothing being of utmost importance in daily life. Whether it's the elegance of the Han dynasty, the gracefulness of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern dynasties, the grandeur of the Tang dynasty, the refinement of the Song dynasty, or the solemnity of the Ming dynasty, the styles of the Tang, Song and Ming dynasties are undoubtedly the epitome of classic Hanfu. The high bun and chest-length dress of the Tang dynasty were essential for women, with color combinations ranging from harmonious to boldly contrasting, reflecting the flourishing exchange and collision of exotic cultures during that period, presenting an atmosphere of openness. The Hanfu Shidai (HAN TIME) provided detailed interpretations of these three styles, allowing us to delve into their essence. Hairpins and hair ornaments adorned with floral patterns became fashionable, with Dunhuang being a treasure trove of floral patterns that led the trend of the Tang dynasty. The popular hair combs of the mid-Tang dynasty softened…

The ancient simplicity of Qin, the elegance of Han, the splendor of Tang, the gracefulness of Song, and the dignity of Ming, every pattern and design of Han clothing is engraved with the mark of China's history. With the help of professional research, this article will share some basic knowledge of Hanfu clothing, inviting everyone to appreciate the stunning attire of Chinese ancestors.   01 Hanfu Clothing: A Comprehensive Dressing System Hanfu clothing has undergone thousands of years of evolution. It originated as an important manifestation of social ranking, etiquette, and lifestyle, while also reflecting the characteristics of different times through displaying the state of textile technology, aesthetic consciousness, and daily customs. After thousands of years of cultural accumulation, Hanfu clothing has become an important cultural symbol. It is not entirely accurate to call Hanfu the traditional attire of the Han people. Based on today's concept, Hanfu clothing should be considered the traditional attire of the Chinese nation as a whole. The Han ethnicity is inclusive, throughout the changing dynasties, Han clothing continuously absorbed foreign styles and underwent multiple periods of integration among various ethnic groups to develop rich styles and unique aesthetics. Therefore, Hanfu clothing is not merely the…

So maybe you’ve been interested in hanfu for a while, and you’ve vaguely started to pick out the differences between Ming Dynasty aoqun and Tang Dynasty heziqun, but you still have no clue what the order of the time periods are or even what they were characterized by. Upon a quick sift through Wikipedia, there’s just wayyyyy too much information to process, and you don’t even know what information to look for—what matters to your understanding of hanfu culture. Fear not! Here’s a compendium of what you need to know about the historical context of hanfu.   The Structure of Ancient Chinese History There’s a phenomenon in Chinese history that we call the Dynastic Cycle. Ancient China was ruled over by many different time periods called Dynasties, each with a family of rulers, and most of these follow the same general scheme: the central ruling power is established, the population goes up and the country flourishes, corruption starts affecting the political scheme, people revolt, and the country either dissolves into several warring states or gets conquered by another group of people. Then one state emerges victorious over the other ones or the invaders, the next dynasty is established, and the…

October 4, the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar, is the traditional Chinese holiday of Chongyang Festival (重阳节, Double Ninth Festival), also known as Old People's Day. In ancient times, there were customs such as climbing up high and placing dogwoods, worshipping ancestors, enjoying chrysanthemums and putting paper kites, etc. In modern times, Chongyang Festival has been given the meaning of respecting the elderly. It must be a wonderful thing to let the elderly wear hanfu on this day. "White hair wearing flowers, you should not laugh, the years never lose beauty. If you have a poetry book hidden in your heart, you can pick up the fragrance to become the most real." This poem will also be proved in the seniors.   Seniors in Hanfu who promotes traditional culture Liu Weixiu (刘维秀), a 78-year-old hanfu granny, is a retired actress from the Hunan Provincial Peking Opera Troupe, and now she is a short video blogger who first wore hanfu in 2016 because she helped her students with their short video assignments, which brought her attention on the Internet and became an opportunity for her to fall in love with hanfu and spread its culture. Liu's…

The construction of the body of most hanfu tops and robes is what usually decides what ’type’ of hanfu it is. We’ll go over a few common types of hanfu and what features they have. There are, however, a few rules that pretty much all hanfu tends to follow: First, there’s always a seam down the middle of the back, meaning that the piece of clothing is made up of one piece of fabric on the left and one on the right, stitched together in the center. There’s also never a seam at the shoulder like we have in modern clothing—instead of the front and back being two different pieces of fabric, the front and back are made up of the same piece, just folded over the shoulder. Another thing to note is that while we often refer to tops and robes in hanfu as the two main categories, that isn’t how hanfu is really categorized, just a way for us to talk about the shape of things in English. Instead, we have the 長/长/chang2/long versions and 短/短/duan3/short versions of clothing, which can be applied to most categories of clothing that we separate by construction—the only difference is length. Short…

Ready to start deepening your hanfu wardrobe? Start looking into some of your closet staples here: hanfu underlayers!