Recently, netizens noticed something special about Liu Shishi's costume in her new drama. It looked surprisingly like a modern short-sleeved T-shirt. However, this is actually a traditional Tang Dynasty garment known as Tanling Banbi (坦领半臂). Let's break down the name. Tanling refers to the neckline style, while Banbi  indicates the sleeve length. Combined, they describe a specific type of clothing popular during the Tang Dynasty. The Tanling Neckline The Tanling neckline resembles modern pullover shirts. This style dates back to the Shang and Zhou dynasties, though its exact structure remains unclear. It became particularly fashionable in the early Tang Dynasty. Compared to the round neckline, Tanling features a wider opening, often extending to the chest. Some designs even include a pointed center, earning it the nickname "chicken heart neckline". The resemblance to T-shirts comes from this broad neckline, similar to today's fashion pullovers. However, unlike modern T-shirts, Tanling garments usually have buttons or ties at the front or side for fastening. This design allowed wearers to change clothes without disturbing their elaborate hairstyles. The Banbi Sleeves The Banbi sleeves, often seen in period dramas, are typically associated with maids due to their practicality. However, they were not exclusive to any social…

In the historical drama 'Guo Se Fang Hua,' the portrayal of Yulu's maid has left a deep impression on viewers. Many netizens have humorously remarked, 'Did this hairstyle escape from a museum?' Indeed, the double - bun hairstyle, a signature look for young maidens in ancient times, holds a special place in traditional aesthetics. This hairstyle, known as Shuang Ji (双髻), was commonly worn by unmarried women, palace maids, and young servants, symbolizing youth and innocence. The Shuang Ji can be further categorized based on its shape and drooping style, such as Shuang Huan Ji (双鬟髻), Shuang Luo Ji (双螺髻), and Shuang Ya Ji (双丫髻). The foundational feature of this hairstyle is the division of hair into two equal parts, creating a symmetrical look. Each side is meticulously coiled into a small bun, typically positioned on either side of the head. The drooping version is poetically referred to as 'Shuang Chui Ji' (双垂髻). Additionally, variations like the Mao Ji (卯髻), characterized by its crescent shape, and the Huan Ji (鬟髻), featuring ring - like buns, add diversity to this traditional style. The Huan Ji often appears in pairs but can also be seen in multiples, with three or more buns…

Have you ever wondered why some classical Chinese portraits depict women with strikingly red cheeks that almost look like bruises? This distinctive look is actually an intentional and celebrated makeup style from ancient China called Jiuyun Zhuang (酒晕妆), or "Drunk Blush Makeup." This bold cosmetic trend originated during the prosperous Tang Dynasty (618 - 907 AD), particularly popular during Empress Wu Zetian's reign. The style involved applying vibrant red pigment across large portions of the face - not just the cheeks, but often extending to the eyelids, jawline, and even ears. Historical records from the Zhuangtai Ji (妆台记), an ancient Chinese cosmetic manual, describe three intensity levels of this look: the most dramatic Jiuyun Zhuang (Drunk Blush), the softer Taohua Zhuang (Peach Blossom Makeup), and the subtle Feixia Zhuang (Flying Sunset Makeup). Beauty Standard of the Time What modern eyes might perceive as excessive was actually a sophisticated beauty standard of its time. The warm Wozhe (渥赭) hue - a traditional pigment made from cinnabar and ink - served multiple purposes: enhancing healthy complexion, creating facial dimension, and projecting an image of vitality. During mid - Tang period, women often paired this look with bold eyebrows for an even more…

In many historical dramas, the veiled hat, known as Weimao (帷帽), is an indispensable element. A classic scene often features the heroine making her first appearance, with the wind lifting the delicate veil to reveal her breathtaking beauty. This accessory has earned the playful nickname "beautiful yet useless" among netizens, highlighting its aesthetic appeal over practicality. Origin and Features The Weimao originated as a decorative item in Hu (胡) attire. Before its emergence, another style called Mili (羃篱), made of bamboo, was prevalent. Typically crafted from cloth or gauze, the Weimao features a wide brim with hanging silk nets or thin silk panels that extend to the neck, serving as a face cover. During the Sui and Tang dynasties, the hanging nets were shortened, earning it the name "Qianlu" (浅露). Unlike the Mili, which covered the entire body, the Weimao's veil only concealed the upper body. Early Usage Historical records, such as those in the "Book of Jin," note that both men and women initially wore the Mili to shield themselves from wind and sand. Over time, it became predominantly a women's accessory, used to obscure their faces from public view during outings. Some humorously suggest that introverts might have…

In recent costume dramas like "Da Feng Da Geng Ren," it's noticeable that many female characters wear the same style of necklace. Is this a trend from a specific historical period? And don't they mind wearing identical pieces? The answer lies in the term "Yingluo." Derived from the words "Ying" and "Luo," which originally referred to beautiful jade, Yingluo now signifies a multi - gemstone ornament. It's not just limited to necklaces but can also adorn armbands and shawls. In Buddhism, Yingluo symbolizes worldly treasures and is known as "infinite light," often appearing in U or V - shaped necklaces with multiple layers. Historical texts like "The Dream of the Red Chamber" and "Jin Men Yang Shi" mention Yingluo made from gold, silver, pearls, and other precious materials. During the Sui Dynasty, Yingluo was long and simple, but by the Tang Dynasty, it became shorter, more intricate, and highly popular among noblewomen. The trend influenced fashion, with materials ranging from jade to amber. Poets like Liu Yuxi and Yuan Zhen documented its popularity, and by the Ming Dynasty, Yingluo evolved into necklaces with pendants like longevity locks. Even today, Yingluo - inspired designs add a touch of classical elegance to…

It’s funny how we throw around the word “Dunhuang” like it’s a single, well-defined thing. For most people, it’s synonymous with the Mogao Caves—those dusty, majestic Buddhist grottos in the far-flung desert of northwestern China. But Dunhuang (敦煌) is less of a place and more of a time capsule layered with over a thousand years of belief, brushstrokes, and guesswork. It isn’t just one cave, one dynasty, or one style. It's an ecosystem of art, faith, and faded colors—held together by sand and memory. Let’s clear one thing up first: Dunhuang isn’t just the Mogao Caves. It includes the Yulin Caves (榆林窟), the Western Thousand Buddha Caves (西千佛洞), and even more obscure clusters like the Five Temple Caves (五个庙石窟). It's more accurate to call it the Dunhuang Grotto Complex—a network of spiritual and artistic experimentation that unfolded across centuries. Not Just Tang Dynasty Grandeur We love to associate Dunhuang with the Tang Dynasty (唐朝)—maybe because the Tang's cultural glamor fits so neatly with the image of heavenly bodhisattvas strumming pipa mid-air. But that's a postcard version of Dunhuang. In truth, the site saw activity from the 4th to the 14th century, spanning dynasties like the Northern Wei (北魏), Sui (隋),…

There’s a certain kind of outfit that turns heads, not just because it’s beautiful, but because it leaves people wondering: Is this really how ancient people dressed? Enter the Qixiong Ruqun (齐胸襦裙), a style of Hanfu where the skirt is tied all the way up to the chest—sometimes even under the armpits. It’s dramatic. It’s feminine. And it’s sparked years of debate over whether it’s based on history or pure fantasy. The Rise of a Silhouette That Defies Gravity At a glance, the Qixiong Ruqun feels like a distant cousin of the Korean Chima Jeogori—a wide-skirted dress worn high on the torso, paired with a short jacket. In fact, when you fluff out the skirt and widen the waistband, the two styles can look eerily similar. But the rabbit hole runs deeper than visual resemblance. Questions around the Qixiong Ruqun don’t just come down to aesthetics. They ask something more fundamental: How do you even keep this thing from sliding down? Anyone who’s tried wearing one has likely felt that awkward sensation—the pull of gravity on a waistband that doesn’t seem to be anchored to anything solid. It’s not a minor wardrobe inconvenience. It’s a design flaw. And it’s raised…

Hanfu (汉服, traditional Chinese clothing) isn’t just a nostalgic trend—it’s a global movement. What began as a niche subculture in China has evolved into a thriving industry, with brands blending historical accuracy with modern wearability. Forget stiff costumes; today’s Hanfu ranges from silk-adorned ceremonial robes to minimalist office-friendly pieces. Here’s a breakdown of the brands driving this revival, their signature styles, and why they resonate with Gen Z shoppers from Los Angeles to Jakarta. 1. Minghuatang (明华堂) Founded in 2007, this Guangzhou-based label has become synonymous with meticulous craftsmanship and eye-watering price tags—think ¥10,000 ($1,400) for a single set, with wait times stretching up to a year. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=guu1ad17AH8 The Founder’s Obsession Hong Kong-born Zhong Yi (钟毅), a fashion design graduate from Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts, noticed something odd in the early 2000s: At formal events, Koreans wore hanbok, Japanese wore kimono, but Chinese attendees rarely wore Hanfu. He started designing his own pieces, wearing them daily to normalize the tradition. In 2007, he co-founded Minghuatang with a clear mission: to recreate historically accurate Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) attire with museum-level precision. What Justifies the Price? Minghuatang’s garments aren’t just costumes—they’re wearable history. Every stitch follows 15th-century texts and artifacts, from…

When we think about ancient Chinese clothing, a curious misunderstanding often arises—many believe that the clothing of specific dynasties was determined by the seasons. For instance, people sometimes think of Tang Dynasty garments as summer wear, and Ming Dynasty attire as winter clothing. The idea seems odd at first, as we know that every era experienced all four seasons, so why would the clothing of one dynasty be associated with just one temperature? It turns out that this perception stems from a combination of misinterpretations and misconceptions about the nature of ancient Chinese garments. Let’s break down why this understanding doesn’t quite hold water. The Tang Dynasty: More Than Just Summer Fashion The Tang Dynasty is often associated with light, airy, and flowing garments, especially the famous "Qixiong Ruqun", which has become iconic in many representations of ancient Chinese fashion. This lightweight attire—made from silk and other fine materials—gives the impression of being suited for hot weather. But the truth is, Tang fashion wasn’t just about comfort during the heat. A deeper look reveals that many Tang garments, although appearing simple, actually consisted of several layers, which weren’t always visible on the surface. The illusion of "light" clothing in modern…

In the ancient costume drama 'The National Beauty and Fragrance,' these two grand wedding crowns have sparked much discussion, primarily due to their extravagance and intricate details. From a cultural relic perspective, they seem to reference certain prototypes, appearing quite authentic at first glance. However, upon closer inspection, something feels off. Why is that? Previously, we discussed the 'sky-high' crown of Princess Xianzhu, Li Chui. For those interested, you can refer to another article. Today, we’ll focus on the crown worn by Yang Zi’s character, He Weifang, during her wedding. It’s worth noting that the crowns in these dramas are becoming increasingly lavish. Interestingly, what’s referred to as a 'crown' here is more akin to a set of accessories in Tang Dynasty style. Let’s delve deeper. To start with a conclusion, this crown’s original prototype likely stems from the crown of Empress Xiao of the Sui Dynasty. Although it underwent some stylistic changes during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it retained elements like hairpins (Chaidian) and side ornaments (Bobin) as markers of status. Regardless of these changes, the number of Bobin and floral decorations (Huashu or Huadian) was still determined by the rank of noblewomen or female officials. According to…

Recently, baby hair bangs have made a reappearance in historical dramas. While these bangs can help contour the face, they often seem out of place in classical settings. Historically, adult women in ancient China did not wear bangs, as they were considered a transitional hairstyle for children whose hair had not fully grown. Upon reaching adulthood, women would style their hair neatly using traditional hair products like "paohua shui" (刨花水), emphasizing elegance and sophistication. Although baby hair or air bangs may appear more natural compared to other fringe styles, they still disrupt the authenticity of classical aesthetics. This article focuses solely on the appropriateness of bangs in historical contexts, not on personal appearances. Retaining baby hair bangs can make a character look immature. For instance, actress Ju Jingyi (鞠婧祎) was often criticized for her unchanging baby hair bangs, but her recent updos have showcased a more mature and classical demeanor. In the drama "The Purple Hairpin," the inclusion of such bangs felt particularly jarring amidst otherwise historically accurate hairstyles. Conversely, in "The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival," Zhang Xinyu's (张馨予) noblewoman look without bangs exuded grandeur. The no - bangs style cleverly utilized "yunbin" (云鬓), a classical hairstyle from the…

Many people's impressions of female officials in the Ming Dynasty may come from two TV dramas: 'Shang Shi' and 'The Imperial Doctress.' The former is a work by Yu Zheng, while the latter is directed by Li Guoli. The influence of these dramas is undeniable, shaping public perception. Some might ask: Did female officials really dress so lavishly, adorned with gold and silver? Let’s explore what these officials actually looked like. The Palace Official System Emperor Hongwu, when establishing the palace official system, referred to previous dynasties' practices and set up six departments and one supervisory office: Shanggong (尚宫), Shangyi (尚仪), Shangfu (尚服), Shangshi (尚食), Shangqin (尚寝), and Shanggong (尚功), along with the Gongzheng Si (宫正司). The duties of female officials were broadly divided into routine palace responsibilities and ceremonial roles in royal events. The system was perfected during the Hongwu era, becoming the standard for later generations. Attire Inheritance From the Tang to the Ming Dynasty, the attire of female officials was largely inherited. According to historical records like 'Ming Shilu' and 'Da Ming Ji Li,' they typically wore black gauze hats (some resembling Tang - style headwear), narrow - sleeved round - collared robes, leather belts at the…

Have you ever thought that Huadian (花钿) were merely painted on? Sharp - eyed netizens have discovered that the Huadian in the drama 'Guo Se Fang Hua' are actually three - dimensional. Compared to painted ones, these gemstone Huadian showcase more intricate details and textures. To begin with, the Huadian worn by ancient Chinese women were not only vibrant in color but also diverse in materials. Beyond the traditional cinnabar outlines, they included gold foil, gemstones, pearls, and kingfisher feathers. During the Tang Dynasty, it was quite common for women to adorn their foreheads with Huadian. Historical records, such as Tang Li Fuyan's 'Xu Xuan Guai Lu·Ding Hun Dian,' mention Wei Gu's wife who 'always wore a Huadian between her eyebrows, never removing it even during baths or leisure.' By the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, some women even covered nearly their entire faces with Huadian, reflecting the trend's popularity. For instance, red Huadian, outlined with cinnabar, were so vividly colored that Tang poet Bai Juyi wrote in 'Banquet at Zhou Hao's Guangfu Residence': 'Red cherries pale in comparison to the Huadian's brilliance.' Gold foil Huadian, also known as 'Jindian' (金钿), were so delicate they resembled cicada wings, earning…

In 1644, as the Ming Dynasty's fading glory shattered beneath peasant uprisings and Manchu cavalry, a steppe chieftain's descendant named Nurhaci's dream materialized. His descendants crossed the Great Wall, founding the Qing Dynasty (1644–1912), a realm where Manchurian martial vigor entwined with Confucian statecraft to forge China's final imperial colossus. Spanning nearly three centuries, this era fused conquest and cosmopolitanism, its legacy echoing through jade-adorned palaces and blood-soaked battlefields alike. The Qing is framed by its zenith under Kangxi and Qianlong, and its unraveling in the 19th century's opium-hazed twilight. From the Treaty of Nerchinsk to the Boxer Rebellion's flames, the dynasty oscillated between global engagement and xenophobic isolation. Beneath the Forbidden City's gilded roofs, empresses plotted behind silk curtains, Han literati navigated Manchu rule, and eunuchs wielded shadows as currency. Yet beyond the palace walls, a multicultural tapestry thrived—Jesuit astronomers mapped stars, Mongol khans swore fealty, and Cantonese merchants traded tea for silver. Let us enter a world where dragon robes conceal daggers, and every courtyard murmurs with ambition. Follow the Kangxi Emperor, a boy-king who tamed regents and rebels to become Asia's longest-reigning monarch. Ride with the feared Eight Banners across Tibetan plateaus, and walk the Guangzhou docks…

The Qin Dynasty (221–206 BCE), though lasting merely 15 years, revolutionized China. The first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang (秦始皇), abolished feudalism, replacing it with a centralized bureaucracy. Standardized weights, measures, and script unified the realm, while massive projects—the Great Wall, Lingqu Canal, and the emperor's mausoleum with its Terracotta Army—showcased state power. However, harsh laws, forced labor, and censorship bred widespread resentment, leading to rebellions after the emperor's death. Join us in time travel: Explore Qin Dynasty epics where gripping storytelling meets historical truths, and discover why these cultural echoes still resonate today. The Qin Empire Series 大秦帝国系列 The Qin Empire series (2009–2020) stands as a towering achievement in historical television, offering a panoramic chronicle of the Qin state's evolution from a beleaguered frontier territory to the unifier of China under its first emperor, Qin Shi Huang. Spanning four seasons and over a decade of production, this epic saga combines meticulous historical research with gripping drama, illuminating the ideological, military, and cultural forces that forged imperial China. More than a mere retelling of events, the series grapples with profound questions about power, governance, and the human cost of progress, making it an essential watch for both history enthusiasts…

As the Eastern Han crumbled in 220 CE, a whirlwind of ambition swept across China, fracturing the empire into three rival states: Wei, Shu, and Wu. The Three Kingdoms era (220–280 CE) became a theater of legendary rivalries, where cunning strategists and warrior-kings clashed to reunify a fractured realm. Born from the ashes of the Yellow Turban Rebellion, this age turned warlords into philosophers, poets into generals, and betrayal into an art form. Wei, led by the calculating Cao Cao, dominated the north with a blend of Machiavellian politics and military innovation. In the southwest, the virtuous Liu Bei—a distant Han relative—championed Confucian ideals, rallying heroes like the oath-sworn brothers Guan Yu and Zhang Fei. Meanwhile, Sun Quan's Wu kingdom clung to the Yangtze, mastering naval warfare and surviving through shrewd alliances. The Battle of Red Cliffs, where fireboats annihilated a northern fleet, became a symbol of underdog triumph, while Zhuge Liang's Empty Fort Strategy turned psychological warfare into poetry. Ready to outwit history? Charge into sagas where silk-clad scholars duel with stratagems sharper than swords, and alliances shatter like glass under the weight of pride. Witness Cao Cao's tortured brilliance as he straddles tyrant and visionary, or feel the…

The Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) stands as one of China's most transformative and culturally vibrant eras, bridging medieval traditions with early modern innovations. Founded by Zhu Yuanzhang, a peasant-turned-emperor who overthrew the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty, the Ming restored Han Chinese rule and established a centralized bureaucracy that shaped governance for centuries. Its name, meaning "brilliant splendor," reflects both its aspirations and contradictions: a period of monumental achievements in art, technology, and global trade, yet also marked by political intrigue, social upheaval, and eventual collapse. Ming-era dramas often explore themes of loyalty, ambition, and resilience. The dynasty's complexity—its blend of intellectual enlightenment and authoritarian control—offers fertile ground for narratives about power's corrupting influence and the human cost of progress. Whether depicting palace conspiracies, military strategists outwitting invaders, or merchants navigating Silk Road rivalries, these stories resonate with universal questions about leadership and morality. Ming Dynasty in 1566 大明王朝1566 Set during the twilight years of Emperor Jiajing's reign (1521–1567), Ming Dynasty in 1566 is widely regarded as a masterpiece of historical drama for its unflinching portrayal of political decay and moral ambiguity in late Ming governance. The series centers on the interplay between three power factions: the corrupt Grand Secretariat led by Yan…

In 960 CE, as the fractured Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period (五代十国时期) teetered toward collapse, a shrewd general named Zhao Kuangyin staged a bloodless coup, donning the imperial yellow robe to found the Song Dynasty (960–1279 CE). This era became a paradox of Chinese history—a golden age of artistic refinement and technological genius shadowed by relentless military threats. The Song split into the Northern Song, with its dazzling capital Bianjing, and the Southern Song, exiled to Hangzhou after the catastrophic Jingkang Incident of 1127, where Jurchen invaders shattered the court's complacency. Under the Song, China thrived as a cosmopolitan marvel: scholar-officials like Wang Anshi reimagined governance through bold reforms, poets such as Su Shi penned verses that still ache with beauty, and innovations like movable type printing ignited a knowledge revolution. Yet the dynasty's intellectual and economic zenith clashed with existential crises—Khitan horsemen, Xi Xia uprisings, and the Mongol storm looming on the horizon. Behind the serene ink-wash landscapes lay a world of cutthroat politics: literati factions warring over reform, emperors balancing Confucian ideals with pragmatism, and generals like Yue Fei sacrificing all to "serve the nation with utmost loyalty." Step into dramas where silk-clad scholars debate in lantern-lit…

Get ready to binge Wuyou Du (无忧渡, No Worries Crossing), the hottest Chinese fantasy drama of 2024. Starring Ren Jialun (One and Only) and Song Zu'er (Nirvana in Fire), this series blends ghostly mysteries, forbidden romance, and Chinese-style horror into a wild ride that's part Supernatural, part In the Mood for Love. And guess what? It just dropped all episodes on iQiyi. Set in a world where humans and demons coexist, the show follows Xuan Ye (Ren Jialun), a half-demon exorcist cursed by his bloodline, and Ban Xia (Song Zu'er), a wealthy heiress who can see spirits. When Ban Xia exposes her sister-in-law as a demon, she's thrust into a shadowy war between clans—and stuck teaming up with the brooding Xuan Ye to survive. Why This Isn't Your Grandma's Ghost Story Forget jump scares and creaky doors. Wuyou Du leans into eerie Chinese folklore with five standalone cases. Here's a taste: "The Bride's Shadow": A newlywed's shadow moves on its own, leading to a demonic ritual involving paper frogs and a killer who… collects throats. "The Ageless Pear": Women eat magical pears to regain youth—but end up as desiccated corpses. The twist? The pear tree feeds on their regrets. "The…